A piece of research is evaluated through its quality. Title itself explains what would be the research is all about. By one look at it, we can say how good a piece of research is. I keep on hearing that one research will be considered good if it benefits the needs and interest of one individual. Yes, it can be considered as it is but somehow having much with its content and relevance is a good piece of work, too.
Actually, there are lots of ways and several guidelines on evaluating if a piece of research work is good or not. Each organization has its own various ways in evaluating according to a specific area. Some professionals are already very well acquainted when it comes to criticizing or assessing a research work and some don’t even have a hint on how it can be evaluated.
In my own viewpoint, considering the fact that I am already introduced with some things regarding methods of research, one piece of research is good if questions are answered and research process are explained. According to the article I’ve read, “Whatever may be the types of research works and studies, one thing that is more important is that they all meet on the common ground of scientific method employed by them.”
As what I have said a while ago, by simply reading the title, we can already determine what the topic is all about. It should be concise but gives a good indicator of what the report is all about. On the other hand, the title itself will be considered of no use if the research topic will not arouse the curiosity and interest of the reader. It should be significant and adds additional knowledge. Like what I have experienced, research that introduces new idea is much better than making repetition of the existing studies. I remembered a friend who always tells me that a good problem defines a good piece of research.
Methods for gathering reliable information to answer a question or support an experimental hypothesis should also be reliable and enough to convey appropriate information. It denotes the principles that guide research and experimentation and also the philosophic bases of those principles. Data gathering should be as efficient as possible. Having this can result to a good research outcome. Data gathered should also be studied and analyzed. If the analysis was statistical in nature, statistical procedures must be suitable and properly applied to the data. The research should present its findings based on the results and the data gathered should not be manipulated by the one who’s doing it.
One piece of research is considered good if it provides brief and dependable resources. It proves that the researcher has done lots of readings. There are many separate disciplines that differ greatly in terms of the subject matter and the possible ways of studying that subject matter. In science, no single path to discovery exists and no one clear cut descriptions can be given that accounts for all the ways in which scientific truth is pursued.
Presentation of the research paper is also important. It should be presented as for the readers to understand it. Use of charts, statistics or tables and the correct use of terms must be understandable to others since not people are capable of understanding it especially if the subject matter is not their field of expertise. In doing research, lots of revisions are needed to ensure that uses of words are appropriate. Clarity of presentation which includes the sequencing and coherence of arguments is also important in evaluating a piece of work especially in research. Grammars used in the paper should also be correct. Some grammarians are more concerned with determining how the meaningful arrangement of the basic word and sentence building can best be described.
If all economists were laid end to end, they would not reach a conclusion. Life is the art of drawing sufficient conclusions from insufficient premises. In research, I really do not want to use the word true because there are only opinions some of which are preferable to others. Opinion formed after considering the relevant facts or evidences is a part that brings something to a close. Since it’s purely opinions of the researchers’ side, it must also give the reader the appreciation of what the study has revealed. Yes, reasoning draws a conclusion and makes us grant the conclusion, but it does not make the conclusion certain, nor does it remove doubt.
Such agreement of a conclusion with an actual observation does not itself prove the correctness of the hypothesis from which the conclusion is derived. It simply renders the premise that much more plausible. The ultimate test of the validity of a scientific hypothesis is its consistency with the totality of other aspects of the scientific framework. This inner consistency constitutes the basis for the concept of causality in science, according to which every effect is assumed to be linked with a cause.
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How are they evaluated? It says that one research must be efficient, experimental, rational and replicable. The purpose of the research should be clearly defined and common concepts must be used. The procedure used in the research should be described in sufficient detail to permit another researcher to repeat the research for further advancement, keeping the continuity of what has already been attained.
Procedural design of the research should be carefully planned to yield results that are as objectives as possible. The researcher should report with complete frankness, flaws in procedural design and estimate their effects upon the findings. The analysis of data should be sufficiently adequate to reveal its significance and the methods of analysis used should be appropriate. It should attempts to fairly present all perspective. It should discuss critical assumptions made in the analysis such as why a particular data set or analysis method is used. Indicates how results change with different data and analysis and identify contrary findings.
The validity and reliability of the data should be checked carefully. Conclusions should be confined to those justified by the data of the research and limited to those for which the data provide an adequate basis. Greater confidence in research is warranted if the researcher is experienced, has a good reputation in research and is a person of integrity.
Saturday, August 29, 2009
Saturday, August 22, 2009
the happening
Last Saturday was considered as one of my most unforgettable experience and at the same time the most embarrassing one. That afternoon before that thing happen, me and lorena decided to go to the mall and have some moments together since we haven’t find any time to bond this past few days. On our way to the meeting place with some of our friends we suddenly called by a security guard. That thing made me confused. We are just walking and then suddenly we are called by a security personnel and ask to check our things if some thing is missing and tell us to follow him.
We ended up in security office inside the premises of the mall with a 21 year old guy, as what he said. According to the watcher, the guy was going to steal something in our bag. Since nothing is missing with our things, we can’t make any complaints and also we can’t help the guy. He had been telling that he was just trying to say “excuse me” because he was in a hurry and that he was innocent.
I don’t know if I will believe in him or if he was just acting innocent. With the reaction he had, maybe he was innocent but when he was asked to present some identification card or some money he could not present any. Paano siya uuwi kung wala siyang pera diba?
He’s begging for us to help him but we can’t do anything. Natakot kami na baka may gawing masama sa kanya ang management tapos he’s innocent after all. At baka palayain siya tapos totoo naman palang snatcher siya.
Kaya, we decided to left that four corner room and leave it all to the hands of the management.
We ended up in security office inside the premises of the mall with a 21 year old guy, as what he said. According to the watcher, the guy was going to steal something in our bag. Since nothing is missing with our things, we can’t make any complaints and also we can’t help the guy. He had been telling that he was just trying to say “excuse me” because he was in a hurry and that he was innocent.
I don’t know if I will believe in him or if he was just acting innocent. With the reaction he had, maybe he was innocent but when he was asked to present some identification card or some money he could not present any. Paano siya uuwi kung wala siyang pera diba?
He’s begging for us to help him but we can’t do anything. Natakot kami na baka may gawing masama sa kanya ang management tapos he’s innocent after all. At baka palayain siya tapos totoo naman palang snatcher siya.
Kaya, we decided to left that four corner room and leave it all to the hands of the management.
the role of research topic in my future career...
It’s been awhile since formulating research topics is an issue. Everyone is struggling to come up with something wonderful but interesting. It was never easy and it is impossible for us to come up with something excellent because we do not have enough resources.
Now, I haven’t seen a problem yet, that however complicated, which when looked at in the right way won’t become more complicated. Where can I find one? That is the biggest question now. In research, the horizon draws back as we advance and as the power of patience weakens with age, the urgency of the pursuit grows more intense. It really requires a very unusual mind to undertake any analysis, I think. But I also believe that man can learn nothing except by going from the known to unknown. I know deep within me that it is not hard to think of a good research topics as long as I take them wholeheartedly.
According to Theobald Smith, research is fundamentally a state of mind involving continual reexamination of the doctrines and axioms upon which current thought and action are based. It is, therefore, critical of existing practices. The paper will no doubt be found interesting by those who take interest in it right? But research topic takes the biggest role before coming up with a research title because it will serve as the foundation of what will be within.
For me, the role of research topic in deciding my future career is either going exactly to what is planned or to what is not. Yes it identifies one’s career in the future. But it can also be nothing. Doing a research is just like doing something you want to turn out. It needs a lot from the researcher, much from its effort, strength and interest. But sometimes it leads to nothing. Even though one had read lots of literature regarding its topic, it won’t make any help if the interest is not there.
We don’t hold the future, as what is written. No one knows what will exactly happen tomorrow. We simply can’t foretell our future. Research alone could not give an assurance on what will happen in the future. But with regards to the knowledge and experienced you could gain while doing it would somehow be the way to a bright lights to future career. It is really true that there is no substitute for training and experienced.
Normally, as it is, Information Technology student’s researches are related to their field of expertise. The research topic would be a good foundation in which field I’ll be taking for my future career. They keep on saying that research is a contribution to knowledge. By simply doing research, you will not just contribute to the advancement of technology but also you are broadening you knowledge on your chosen field. Imagining a better research topic alone already helps on the way I think. What more when you are already focusing, doing experiments and even applying your research topics, right? There is no doubt that you will be more skilled and would absolutely shape you into a better IT person.
Mostly, when you are doing a research, especially for students, there will be an open door for new things. Students are not delimited to the four corners of the classroom and will no more rely on the things that the teachers usually give. Theories that we learned in school will be applied by means of using it in our research. A man who never tried to experiment in life is a fool. Just the same with doing research, things will turn out effectively if it is experienced through a different way.
Essentially, the role of research topic to one’s future career focuses only on improving one’s knowledge, a knowledge that could be an edge in finding a career. In the process of doing your research you need to observe things as they are, without falsifying observations to accord with some preconceived world view. By this, you attempt to develop broad imaginations that will soon become part of our understanding of the natural world. We have lots of incredible capacity and disciplines can differ greatly in terms of subject matter and the possible ways of studying our subject matters.
On the other hand, research has been called good business, a necessity, a gamble, a game. When you haven’t got the money, you have to think. Researches persuade one’s point of view because of its contributions. With regards to technology, research has been useful in making life convenient and of quality. With the idea of receiving much financial gains, I personally find it significant when it comes to deciding my future career.
When we are in a business world especially in the field of information technology, our knowledge and wonderful ideas is a great contribution to the success of the organization we are working and to the society as well. It will serve as the lifeblood of the company because it enables them to get the most out of their people and also learn from the people outside work.
They also said that research is a state of mind. Maybe it is or maybe it’s not. No one knows right? It really depends on the person who does the research. Because in some instances, they were just oblige to do it since it is considered as part of the curriculum. Some students don’t like doing paper works and find it a burden to do such things. Some also do have interest but don’t have the resources and some have ways in order for them to complete the research.
To sum it all up, since I’ve said too much already, the role of research topic in deciding my future career is not exactly the thing that will lead you to success. Contribution of the researcher has a great part in it. Without her interest, acquiring knowledge would be difficult. Yes, research topics can help us define our strength. We will be expose to a world, a world that will also become our world in the near future. It can help us land a job through the insights and ideas we gained in the process of conducting a research. It helps us to be competitive.
Now, I haven’t seen a problem yet, that however complicated, which when looked at in the right way won’t become more complicated. Where can I find one? That is the biggest question now. In research, the horizon draws back as we advance and as the power of patience weakens with age, the urgency of the pursuit grows more intense. It really requires a very unusual mind to undertake any analysis, I think. But I also believe that man can learn nothing except by going from the known to unknown. I know deep within me that it is not hard to think of a good research topics as long as I take them wholeheartedly.
According to Theobald Smith, research is fundamentally a state of mind involving continual reexamination of the doctrines and axioms upon which current thought and action are based. It is, therefore, critical of existing practices. The paper will no doubt be found interesting by those who take interest in it right? But research topic takes the biggest role before coming up with a research title because it will serve as the foundation of what will be within.
For me, the role of research topic in deciding my future career is either going exactly to what is planned or to what is not. Yes it identifies one’s career in the future. But it can also be nothing. Doing a research is just like doing something you want to turn out. It needs a lot from the researcher, much from its effort, strength and interest. But sometimes it leads to nothing. Even though one had read lots of literature regarding its topic, it won’t make any help if the interest is not there.
We don’t hold the future, as what is written. No one knows what will exactly happen tomorrow. We simply can’t foretell our future. Research alone could not give an assurance on what will happen in the future. But with regards to the knowledge and experienced you could gain while doing it would somehow be the way to a bright lights to future career. It is really true that there is no substitute for training and experienced.
Normally, as it is, Information Technology student’s researches are related to their field of expertise. The research topic would be a good foundation in which field I’ll be taking for my future career. They keep on saying that research is a contribution to knowledge. By simply doing research, you will not just contribute to the advancement of technology but also you are broadening you knowledge on your chosen field. Imagining a better research topic alone already helps on the way I think. What more when you are already focusing, doing experiments and even applying your research topics, right? There is no doubt that you will be more skilled and would absolutely shape you into a better IT person.
Mostly, when you are doing a research, especially for students, there will be an open door for new things. Students are not delimited to the four corners of the classroom and will no more rely on the things that the teachers usually give. Theories that we learned in school will be applied by means of using it in our research. A man who never tried to experiment in life is a fool. Just the same with doing research, things will turn out effectively if it is experienced through a different way.
Essentially, the role of research topic to one’s future career focuses only on improving one’s knowledge, a knowledge that could be an edge in finding a career. In the process of doing your research you need to observe things as they are, without falsifying observations to accord with some preconceived world view. By this, you attempt to develop broad imaginations that will soon become part of our understanding of the natural world. We have lots of incredible capacity and disciplines can differ greatly in terms of subject matter and the possible ways of studying our subject matters.
On the other hand, research has been called good business, a necessity, a gamble, a game. When you haven’t got the money, you have to think. Researches persuade one’s point of view because of its contributions. With regards to technology, research has been useful in making life convenient and of quality. With the idea of receiving much financial gains, I personally find it significant when it comes to deciding my future career.
When we are in a business world especially in the field of information technology, our knowledge and wonderful ideas is a great contribution to the success of the organization we are working and to the society as well. It will serve as the lifeblood of the company because it enables them to get the most out of their people and also learn from the people outside work.
They also said that research is a state of mind. Maybe it is or maybe it’s not. No one knows right? It really depends on the person who does the research. Because in some instances, they were just oblige to do it since it is considered as part of the curriculum. Some students don’t like doing paper works and find it a burden to do such things. Some also do have interest but don’t have the resources and some have ways in order for them to complete the research.
To sum it all up, since I’ve said too much already, the role of research topic in deciding my future career is not exactly the thing that will lead you to success. Contribution of the researcher has a great part in it. Without her interest, acquiring knowledge would be difficult. Yes, research topics can help us define our strength. We will be expose to a world, a world that will also become our world in the near future. It can help us land a job through the insights and ideas we gained in the process of conducting a research. It helps us to be competitive.
Saturday, August 8, 2009
Where can I find one?
It’s been two months to be exact since I started imagining a research topic and exactly one month, I think, since I stop being a fool. Does it make sense? Not to the extent that I really stop, I just pause for a moment.
I’ve been dumb all these days thinking of some nice topics. But why is it that I couldn’t even find one. My classmates are not really giving efforts in it. The sad part is, I think I am one of them.
Jeez, better think now. I should start being a fool. It sounds really great after all.
Absolute boyfriend
It’s really true that the intelligence of human is beyond what we can imagine. I remember a Japanese drama series entitled ‘absolute Boyfriend’. It was all about a new invention of Mr. Namikiri, using a revolutionary system that will ensure the happiness of the next generation. A robot solely dedicated to love and with this robot, there won’t be any more women suffering. Life will really change having this kind of ideal boyfriend type. But it turns out that this robot develops real human emotions enabling him to truly love Riiko but also resulting in system malfunctions. It started having a will of his own and a heart that feels love. But is it really true that a robot that possesses emotions, intelligence, consciousness, and ego is a broken machine and defective merchandise or the programming of the one who invented it was just fantastic and intelligent?
How I wish I could have one too so that in my way to emptiness I can have someone to lean on.
Wednesday, July 29, 2009
A wishful thinking…
I am starting to lose my friends. I feel empty. Every time I am alone, I had this feeling of being left behind. It keeps on making me sad every time I think of it. Sometimes it gives me the impression that I can’t have the right to keep my friends within my reach every single day. I can now barely find someone to talk to just like those old days. I just can’t believe that they seem afar. I know it sounds selfish, but I want to have those moments again with my friends.
There are times when I just sit alone pretending that everything was okay. Why do I have these feeling of being neglected? Perhaps we are really getting older. We are in the midst of getting what we want in life. We are now adults with more important things to prioritize to the extent of losing time for acquaintances and social gatherings.
If there’s one thing in my life was missing, it’s the time that I spent with my friends having never-ending talks. Nothing can ever replace their mean but sweet words when giving me advices.
I terribly miss my friends, enough to die. Hope we can have those old times. I’d really love to see my friends giving me smiles again. But it can’t be what it was before.
Time falls, everything changes. Now is the time for me to learn on living a life on my own. Hugging and comforting yourself is a bit crazy, but it can be learned.
Emote mode: to let them know they are missed…
1 liter of tears
A drama series that will rip your heart into pieces and at the same time gained consciousness about the importance of being strong. We don’t know what will be God’s plan for us. After watching this Japanese drama series overnight causing my eyes to grow bigger I was left into conclusion. If the lead actress was me, I’d rather die early than being laughed at because of my disease. But her eagerness and strength to recover amazed me. But I know even if her mind already accepts the fact that her disease is incurable, deep within her heart is a part that won’t accept that she was dying. But despite everything, the people talking behind her back, the intent looks; she keeps on hoping that someday her doctor could find ways for a cure.
How I wish I could be as strong as her. Well, pretending to be alright is never that easy. In times like this, you will be questioning your love and faith with the Lord. It has been said that Lord God is the healer. That his name is more powerful than any disease you can name. is he being unfair if someone got a disease which is incurable?
A true story based on her own life, was originally written in first person. It is about a girl coping with her teenage life along with a degenerative disease. She keeps a diary of not only what she does but how she feels and the hardships she must endure. Initially, the diary's purpose was for Kitô to chronicle impressions she had about how the disease was affecting her daily life. As the disease progressed, however, the diary became Kitô's outlet for describing the intense personal struggles she underwent in coping, adapting, and ultimately trying to survive her disease. As she notes in one entry, "I write because writing is evidence that I am still alive."
Aya Kito was diagnosed with a disease called spinocerebellar Degeneration when she was 15 years old. The disease causes the person to lose control over their body, but because the person can retain all mental ability the disease acts as a prison. Aya discovers this disastrous news as the disease has already developed. There is no cure.
Through family, medical examinations and rehabilitations, and finally succumbing to the disease, Aya must cope with the disease and live on with life until her death at the age of 25.
start reading her diary...
http://onelitre.xanga.com/
Monday, July 27, 2009
computer science researches
Computer Science Researches has done many great things to improve lifestyles here on earth. Although computer science researches may have seen to be the core foundation for tomorrows’ foundation for development, it is still facing many problems that are oblivious to a person who is blinded by the impact it has brought. Computer Science Research could be the very beginning of future technological development. It has touched every single inch of areas they could examine and apply corresponding studies they could think of. Researchers are growing rapidly to cope up to the fast evolution of technologies and to the needs of the user.
Computer Science has been thought of as way of getting rich that is why many students have enrolled in this field. Schools and universities had crosses its boundaries. There are people who are engaged in researching from students to teachers. Also, the government has over-funded the life of science research because they think computer increases our intelligence, not our life span. This kind of approach to computer science researches would really work well since different aspects would be traced by different disciplines.
I have a friend who keeps on telling me that computer science researches could really go a long way in inventing something that could really improve the way we live. No one knows that with just a blink of an eye computer science researches could be one of the ways to take hold of immortality.
The article I have read is about the computer science research conducted by the research and development department in University of Georgia. They were trying to intersect computer science to almost all branches of sciences addressing the most difficult state in managing data and information as well as in providing algorithms that can be used to get the optimal solutions in any difficult problems. The department of computer Science in University of Georgia has faculties whose interest cover many of the growing and emerging research areas in computer Science. Particular strength includes theory, systems, information systems, and artificial intelligence. The application of computer science have been a big step to any field of specialties, from a traditional state processes to a more automated and systematic one, promising a great chance for progress and expansion of each field in terms of heir capability and scope.
One example of these researches is artificial intelligence, which also awakens my interest. Perhaps, we already know that artificial intelligence is the computer modeling of intelligent behavior, including but not limited to modeling the human mind. Artificial intelligence can be called as intelligent agents that demonstrate the functional essence of intelligent. Artificial intelligence is a science and engineering of making intelligent machines. The core areas of researches like these are about the presentation of knowledge, reasoning and learning, planning and decision making. It seeks to enable computers and machines to mimic human intelligence and sensory processing ability, and models human behavior with computers to improve our understanding of intelligence.
Another area of computer science that has found wide practical use is robotics, the design and development of computer controlled mechanical devices. Robots range in complexity from toys to automated factory assembly lines and relieve humans from tedious, repetitive, or even dangerous task. Robots are also employed where requirements of speed, precision, consistency, or cleanliness exceed what humans can accomplish.
The main focus of the robotics research group is the development of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs). With AMRs there are two primary issues to deal with: (1) cognitive behavior, and (2) motion. Cognitive behavior addresses problem solving using sensory inputs and desired goals. Motion deals with aspects of movement from simple robotic arm movement to autonomous rovers in unknown environments. Cognitive behavior is the current focus of the research group. Two projects currently underway involve on-board image processing of video camera inputs for decision making, and the development of an evolutionary computing approach to controller configuration (possibly using field programmable gate arrays). In addition, the controller evolution project is attempting to provide for automatic (rule directed) behavior specification.
Scientist involved in the field of robotics study the many aspects of controlling robots. These aspects includes modeling the robot’s physical properties, modeling its environment, planning its actions, directing its mechanisms efficiently, using sensors to provide feedback to the controlling program, and ensuring the safety of its behavior. They also study ways of simplifying the creation of control programs. One area of research seeks to provide robots with more of the dexterity and adaptability of humans, and is closely associated with AI.
According to Ronald Arkin, director of the mobile robot laboratory at Georgia Institute of Technology, “Robots are good explorers because you don’t have to deal with life support systems that human would need. They’re easier to take care of and much more adaptable for hostile environments than people.” The presence of this technology is also making its name in our usual standard of living.
It’s really true that the intelligence of human is beyond what we can imagine. I remember a Japanese drama series entitled ‘absolute Boyfriend’. It was all about a new invention of Mr. Namikiri, using a revolutionary system it will ensure the happiness of the next generation. A robot solely dedicated to love. Love is by nature a sorrowful thing, and with this robot, there won’t be any more women suffering. Having these kind of ideal boyfriend type, life will really change. But it turns out that this robot develop real human emotions enabling him to truly love Riiko but also resulting in system malfunctions. It started having a will of his own and a heart that feels love. But is it really true that a robot that possesses emotions, intelligence, consciousness, and ego is a broken machine and defective merchandise or the programming of the one who invented it was just fantastic and intelligent?
List of active research areas:
• Algorithm and Combinatorics
• Artificial intelligence
• Bioinformatics and Health Informatics
• Compilers
• Computational Genetics
• Computational intelligence
• Computer vision and image processing
• Computer networks
• Databases and Distributed information systems
• Parallel and distributed computing
• Parallel processing
• Real-time systems
• Robotics
• Scientific computation
• Semantic web and semantic web processes
• Simulation
• Operating systems
Above all these, I was amazed of the rapid progress of the development of computer science researches. Not only in the production of excellent computer systems and developing programming languages but also it is spreading its limitations of work to become more functional in any fields of life.
References:
http://www.cs.uga.edu/research/index.htm#top
Related links:
http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/technology/space_robots_030820.html
Thursday, July 16, 2009
short report of a published scientific paper 3
Survivability: Protecting Your Critical Systems
Robert J. Ellison, David A. Fisher, Richard C. Linger, Howard F. Lipson
Thomas A. Longstaff, Nancy R. Mead
CERT® Coordination Center
Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890
Summary
Nowadays internet use is growing progressively more than the price of gasoline and the society has also increased growth dependence on it. Internet is one good example of a highly distributed system that operates in unbounded network environments and it is known that it has no integrated security policy. The paper describes the survivability approach to guarantee that systems that operate in an unbounded network is dynamic in the presence of attack and will survive attacks that will result in successful interruptions. It also included in the paper some discussions of survivability as an integrated engineering framework, the current state of survivability practice, the specification of survivability requirements, the strategies for achieving survivability, and some survivability solutions.
The paper also talks about the capability of a survivable system to fulfill its mission in a timely manner is thus linked to its ability to deliver essential services in the presence of an attack, accident or failure. It is stated that a system is prone to attacks because internet itself has no central administrative control causing unauthorized persons to access a system.
Evaluation
It is been clearly stated in the paper that even hardened systems can and will be broken. Thus survivability solutions should be incorporated into both new and existing system to help them avoid the potentially devastating effects of compromise and failure due to attack. I find it very helpful especially in organizations in order to fully understand things with regards to protecting a system.
The paper explains everything. It is well presented enough for the reader to comprehend and it is doesn’t strain you eyes because the text are well presented.
References:
http://www.cert.org/archive/html/protect-critical-systems.html
Robert J. Ellison, David A. Fisher, Richard C. Linger, Howard F. Lipson
Thomas A. Longstaff, Nancy R. Mead
CERT® Coordination Center
Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University
Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890
Summary
Nowadays internet use is growing progressively more than the price of gasoline and the society has also increased growth dependence on it. Internet is one good example of a highly distributed system that operates in unbounded network environments and it is known that it has no integrated security policy. The paper describes the survivability approach to guarantee that systems that operate in an unbounded network is dynamic in the presence of attack and will survive attacks that will result in successful interruptions. It also included in the paper some discussions of survivability as an integrated engineering framework, the current state of survivability practice, the specification of survivability requirements, the strategies for achieving survivability, and some survivability solutions.
The paper also talks about the capability of a survivable system to fulfill its mission in a timely manner is thus linked to its ability to deliver essential services in the presence of an attack, accident or failure. It is stated that a system is prone to attacks because internet itself has no central administrative control causing unauthorized persons to access a system.
Evaluation
It is been clearly stated in the paper that even hardened systems can and will be broken. Thus survivability solutions should be incorporated into both new and existing system to help them avoid the potentially devastating effects of compromise and failure due to attack. I find it very helpful especially in organizations in order to fully understand things with regards to protecting a system.
The paper explains everything. It is well presented enough for the reader to comprehend and it is doesn’t strain you eyes because the text are well presented.
References:
http://www.cert.org/archive/html/protect-critical-systems.html
short report of a published scientific paper 2
Can Cryptography Prevent Computer Viruses?
John F. Morar, David M. Chess
IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center
Hawthorne, NY, USA
Summary
Cryptography is one essential aspect to secure communications. There are lots of aspects to security, ranging from secure commerce and protecting passwords but cryptography can also prevent computer viruses. The paper will provide an overview of the ways that encryption technology imposes on virus protection and related security efforts, and provide some understanding of how encryption can help.
It is also included how viruses use encryption in order to spread faster with more protections for them to be more difficult to detect and analyze and the ways encryption can be very and useless in some cases for it can make virus protection more difficult. Cryptography can also be a barrier to effective virus prevention. There are a number of situation in which encryption of potentially infected data prevents the data from being examined for the presence of viruses. In particular, whenever encryption has been used to restrict the ability to read a dataset to some set of entities, and the entity attempting to check the dataset for viruses is not in that set, the encryption will prevent the virus check.
It is also briefly stated the use of cryptography in viruses, in antivirus software, and in general security systems. In some cases, he authors believe that cryptography will play an important role in the way our systems are secured in the future, both against viruses and against the more general class of emerging threats.
Evaluation
Cryptography is a particularly interesting field because of the amount of work that is done in secret. I now understand why there are a continuous flow of experts from other fields who offer cryptographic variations of ideas. There are in fact many extremely intelligent and well educated people with wide-ranging scientific interest who are active in this field. With the title alone, it can really awaken the interest of many people. It is clearly stated that even if cryptography is needed for secure communications, it is not by itself sufficient.
With regards to the format, it is not that awe-inspiring to look at. Perhaps it’s because it is not written the way it should be, in a professional and presentable format instead the text is just written in a simple manner. on the other hand, the main finding of the study is clearly stated and I found it impressive and informative, enough for me to understand what’s bugging on my mind.
References:
http://www.research.ibm.com/antivirus/SciPapers/VB2000JFM.htm
http://www.garykessler.net/library/crypto.html
John F. Morar, David M. Chess
IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center
Hawthorne, NY, USA
Summary
Cryptography is one essential aspect to secure communications. There are lots of aspects to security, ranging from secure commerce and protecting passwords but cryptography can also prevent computer viruses. The paper will provide an overview of the ways that encryption technology imposes on virus protection and related security efforts, and provide some understanding of how encryption can help.
It is also included how viruses use encryption in order to spread faster with more protections for them to be more difficult to detect and analyze and the ways encryption can be very and useless in some cases for it can make virus protection more difficult. Cryptography can also be a barrier to effective virus prevention. There are a number of situation in which encryption of potentially infected data prevents the data from being examined for the presence of viruses. In particular, whenever encryption has been used to restrict the ability to read a dataset to some set of entities, and the entity attempting to check the dataset for viruses is not in that set, the encryption will prevent the virus check.
It is also briefly stated the use of cryptography in viruses, in antivirus software, and in general security systems. In some cases, he authors believe that cryptography will play an important role in the way our systems are secured in the future, both against viruses and against the more general class of emerging threats.
Evaluation
Cryptography is a particularly interesting field because of the amount of work that is done in secret. I now understand why there are a continuous flow of experts from other fields who offer cryptographic variations of ideas. There are in fact many extremely intelligent and well educated people with wide-ranging scientific interest who are active in this field. With the title alone, it can really awaken the interest of many people. It is clearly stated that even if cryptography is needed for secure communications, it is not by itself sufficient.
With regards to the format, it is not that awe-inspiring to look at. Perhaps it’s because it is not written the way it should be, in a professional and presentable format instead the text is just written in a simple manner. on the other hand, the main finding of the study is clearly stated and I found it impressive and informative, enough for me to understand what’s bugging on my mind.
References:
http://www.research.ibm.com/antivirus/SciPapers/VB2000JFM.htm
http://www.garykessler.net/library/crypto.html
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